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Tropical Soda Apple

Solanum viarum

Other Common Names

None for this invasive

Plant Category

Shrub

Invasive Description

Native to Brazil and Argentina, Tropical Soda Apple is an upright, thorny subshrub or shrub, growing to 3 to 6 feet tall. Its leaves are shaped like northern red oak leaves. It produces clusters of tiny white flowers that appear May to August. Green-to-yellow golf ball sized fruit that resemble small watermelons follow. Each fruit contains from 200 to 400 seeds. It is sweet smelling and attractive to livestock and wildlife, but is poisonous. The plant remains green over winter in most southern locations. It resembles our native horsenettle (Solanum carolinense). Tropical Soda Apple has been reported in east Texas. If you spot an infestation of this plant, report it using Texasinvasives.org: Click on “TAKE ACTION”, then “REPORT IT”.

Ecological Threat

Tropical Soda Apple was introduced into Florida in the 1980s and is on the Federal Noxious Weed List (UUSDA NRCS) and the Texas Dept of Agriculture’s Invasive plants list. It reduces biological diversity in natural areas by displacing native plants and disrupting ecological integrity. It spreads to open agricultural fields, rights of way and native areas. Plant prickles can restrict wildlife grazing and create a physical barrier to animals, preventing movement through infested areas. It contains solasodine, which is poisonous to humans. This invader also serves as a host for viruses that infect important vegetable crops.

You may not want or need to replace this invasive plant. There are no suitable native replacements for this plant

Tropical Soda Apple is on the Texas Dept. of Agriculture’s List of Noxious and Invasive Plants which are illegal to sell, distribute or import into Texas.

How to Eradicate

For information on how to eradicate this invasive, view our statement on herbicide use and preferred alternatives for invasive plants.

Native Alternatives

You can replace this invasive plant with native alternatives. Here are some plants that make superior replacements.

Match your location on the Texas map to the color squares on the replacement plants below to find suitable replacements for your ecoregion.

Click for more details about the ecoregions