San Antonio Chapter

The Edwards Aquifer – The Geology, Hydrology, and Ecology of this Unique Aquifer System

image of bridge over a clear running stream

May 2025 Presentation by Brent Doty, P.G., Research Manager, Edwards Aquifer Authority
The Edwards Aquifer – The Geology, Hydrology, and Ecology of this Unique Aquifer System

The Edwards Balcones Fault Zone Aquifer is one of the most prolific karst aquifers in the world. Brent will discuss the geologic, hydrologic, and ecological characteristics of the Aquifer that make it so unique and critical to both the communities and ecosystem it serves.

Research Manager for the Edwards Aquifer Authority’s Aquifer Science and Modeling Team, Brent Doty is a geoscientist with more than 16 years of experience in hydrogeology and water resources management. Brent is a licensed professional geoscientist in Texas and holds an M.S. in Natural Resources Management and a graduate certificate in Water Conflict Management and Transformation from Oregon State University.

Brent’s role includes the development and execution of several research initiatives to better understand the Edwards Aquifer System and to provide decision makers with the best available science to manage, enhance, and protect the Edwards Aquifer System. Brent has worked on several key initiatives, including surface and groundwater interactions, aquifer vulnerability assessments, and emerging contaminant studies. Much of his current work focuses on quantifying the potential benefits of nature-based land management solutions as a managed aquifer recharge project. Brent is also the lead geologist responsible for assessing potential conservation easement properties for the City of San Antonio’s Edwards Aquifer Protection Program, a 300 million-plus dollar conservation initiative that has protected more than 180,000 acres of environmentally sensitive land over the Edwards Aquifer Recharge and Contributing zones.

In his spare time, you can find Brent paddleboarding, hiking, or mountain biking across the beautiful Texas Hill Country.

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About the Region

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This low-elevations region of Texas extends inland from the barrier islands, about 60 or so miles, and stretches from Brownsville to Louisiana. In total, it covers about 9.5 million acres, with a high point of 150 feet in elevation. More than 1000 species of plants can be found in this region. On the southern end, species more common in Mexico (such as Sabal mexicana) and Central America occur.

The barrier islands provide us with dune systems, and clay flats to the inland side, which have species found in these areas alone. Many plants here, such as Ipomoea pes-caprae (beach morning glory), can be found throughout tropical regions of the globe. I’ve encountered the same species on the beaches of Guam.

Once inland, vast marshes and wet prairies occur. Occasionally, oak (Quercus fusiformis) groves can be found. Common grasses include species of Bothriochloa, Paspalum, and Sporobolus; eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides); and switchgrass (Panicum species). Many rivers and creeks cut through the Gulf Prairies, and along these riparian areas various species of trees, Sabal minor, and other plants adapted to clay soils can be found. Due to overgrazing, farming, and fire suppression, woody species such as mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) and huisache (Acacia farnesiana), and invasive species such as chinaberry (Melia azedarach), Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius), and Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum) have increased and displaced our native flora.

Source: Wildflowers of Texas by Michael Eason