Big Bend Chapter

Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Chihuahuan Desert

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Feb. 18, 10 a.m. to noon ~ Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Chihuahuan Desert.

The Big Bend chapter of the Native Plant Society of Texas will explore poisonous and medicinal plants of the Chihuahuan Desert in a class from 10 a.m. to noon on February 18 in the Warnock Science Building 201 on the Sul Ross Campus. Dr. Martin Terry, biology professor at Sul Ross will present the program.

“It’s often true,” said Big Bend chapter president Dallas Baxter, that a plant has both properties, depending on which part of the plant is used, how it’s ingested and the size of the dosage.”

Datura, also known as Jimsonweed, is well known for its large, fragrant tubular blooms. “Datura has been used medicinally for the treatment of asthma (administered by inhalation of the smoke), and also as a hallucinogen, self-administered as a tea by naive teenagers, who do it once and never again because of the aversive systemic effects on the autonomic nervous system,” said Terry. In this case, “aversive” means fatal.

Reservations are necessary and may be made by calling or e-mailing Fonda Ghiardi at 432.426.2363 or fondag@sbcglobal.net.  Members attend at no cost; guests are welcome and are asked to make a $5 donation.

The mission of the Native Plant Society is the research, conservation and utilization of native plants and plant habitats of Texas through education, outreach and example. Membership information is available at the meeting.

The Warnock Science Building is on the east side of the Sul Ross campus; parking is available next door behind the Fine Arts Building

 

Photo of Datura wrightii (Solanceae). Jimson weed. By Michael Eason

 

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About the Region

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This low-elevations region of Texas extends inland from the barrier islands, about 60 or so miles, and stretches from Brownsville to Louisiana. In total, it covers about 9.5 million acres, with a high point of 150 feet in elevation. More than 1000 species of plants can be found in this region. On the southern end, species more common in Mexico (such as Sabal mexicana) and Central America occur.

The barrier islands provide us with dune systems, and clay flats to the inland side, which have species found in these areas alone. Many plants here, such as Ipomoea pes-caprae (beach morning glory), can be found throughout tropical regions of the globe. I’ve encountered the same species on the beaches of Guam.

Once inland, vast marshes and wet prairies occur. Occasionally, oak (Quercus fusiformis) groves can be found. Common grasses include species of Bothriochloa, Paspalum, and Sporobolus; eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides); and switchgrass (Panicum species). Many rivers and creeks cut through the Gulf Prairies, and along these riparian areas various species of trees, Sabal minor, and other plants adapted to clay soils can be found. Due to overgrazing, farming, and fire suppression, woody species such as mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) and huisache (Acacia farnesiana), and invasive species such as chinaberry (Melia azedarach), Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius), and Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum) have increased and displaced our native flora.

Source: Wildflowers of Texas by Michael Eason