Austin Chapter

Tour of the Herbarium Collection at the University of Texas at Austin

In August, two groups from NPSOT Austin toured the herbarium collection at the University of Texas at Austin. Dr. George Yatskievych, the collection’s curator, spoke to the groups about the history of the herbarium and the more than 1 million plant specimens in the collection. He showed a plant specimen of Galápagos Leatherleaf (Maytenus octogona) collected from the Galápagos Islands by Charles Darwin in 1835. About a quarter of the collection is plants from Texas, making it the largest collection of Texas plants in the world.

The plant specimens in the collection have been collected, pressed, dried, and preserved. Each plant has a label, and 550,000 plant specimens have had their label transcribed into databases. About half of those have also been imaged digitally. Many of these records are available for anyone to view in their online portal. A surprising aspect of the collection is that it is entirely housed in the UT Tower. The collection is spread across nine floors! Its location on campus makes it convenient for students to do research and volunteer.

The herbarium encourages the use of their collections by both scientists and plant enthusiasts. Anyone can submit a physical plant specimen. The collection grows by about 7,000-8000 each year. It is encouraged to read their guidelines on processing specimens. Additionally, they welcome volunteers who work on campus with the collection and remotely with their data.

About the Region

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This low-elevations region of Texas extends inland from the barrier islands, about 60 or so miles, and stretches from Brownsville to Louisiana. In total, it covers about 9.5 million acres, with a high point of 150 feet in elevation. More than 1000 species of plants can be found in this region. On the southern end, species more common in Mexico (such as Sabal mexicana) and Central America occur.

The barrier islands provide us with dune systems, and clay flats to the inland side, which have species found in these areas alone. Many plants here, such as Ipomoea pes-caprae (beach morning glory), can be found throughout tropical regions of the globe. I’ve encountered the same species on the beaches of Guam.

Once inland, vast marshes and wet prairies occur. Occasionally, oak (Quercus fusiformis) groves can be found. Common grasses include species of Bothriochloa, Paspalum, and Sporobolus; eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides); and switchgrass (Panicum species). Many rivers and creeks cut through the Gulf Prairies, and along these riparian areas various species of trees, Sabal minor, and other plants adapted to clay soils can be found. Due to overgrazing, farming, and fire suppression, woody species such as mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) and huisache (Acacia farnesiana), and invasive species such as chinaberry (Melia azedarach), Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius), and Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum) have increased and displaced our native flora.

Source: Wildflowers of Texas by Michael Eason