NLCP Plant Lists

Native Landscape Certification Program (NLCP) Plant Lists

Select the desired plant list from the filters below. The menus adapt to the classes that are currently available from the chapters. After you select a class you can download it with just the information you want.

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Name

Growth Form

Height

Spread

Sun

Leaf Retention

Wildlife Interest

Seasonal Interest

Water Use

Soil Type

Wildlife Benefit

Prairie Spiderwort

Tradescantia occidentalis

Herbaceous

1.5 –

3 ft

0.5 –

1 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Pollen

Pink, Blue, Purple

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Calcareous, Well Drained, Dry

Bees

Two-flowered Trichloris

Trichloris crinita

Grass & Sedge

2 –

3 ft

.25 –

.5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Forage, Nesting Material

White, Green

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Calcareous, Well Drained

Browsers, Birds

False Pennyroyal

Trichostema brachiatum

Herbaceous

.75 –

2 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Pollen, Flowers

Pink, Blue, Purple

Low

Sand, Gravelly, Limestone, Calcareous, Shallow, Moist, Dry

Bees

White Tridens

Tridens albescens

Grass & Sedge

2 –

3 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Forage

Green

Medium

Loam, Clay, Moist

Browsers, Birds

Buckley’s fluffgrass

Tridens buckleyanus

Grass & Sedge

1 –

2 ft

Deciduous

Green, Purple

Rocky, Limestone

Pink Tridens

Tridens congestus

Grass & Sedge

2 –

3 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Pink

Low, Medium

Rich, Well Drained

Purpletop Tridens

Tridens flavus

Grass & Sedge

2.5 –

7 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Forage, Larval Host, Nesting Material

Purple

Low

Sand, Loam, Dry, Saline

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals

Longspike Tridens

Tridens strictus

Grass & Sedge

2 –

4 ft

1.5 –

2.5 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds

Brown

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained

Birds, Small Mammals

Eastern Gamagrass

Tripsacum dactyloides

Grass & Sedge

1 –

3 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Evergreen

Seeds, Nectar, Larval Host

Brown

High

Sand, Loam, Clay, Calcareous, Poor Drainage, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Deer

Mexican Trixis

Trixis inula

Shrub

2 –

6 ft

2 –

6 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Nectar

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Dry

Butterflies

Southern Cattail

Typha domingensis

Wetland

8 –

12 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nesting Material

Brown

Low

Loam, Rich, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Bees, Aquatic Wildlife

Winged Elm

Ulmus alata

Tree

30 –

40 ft

30 –

40 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Forage, Nectar, Larval Host, Nesting Material

Yellow, Green

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Browsers, Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals

American Elm

Ulmus americana

Tree

72 –

100 ft

40 –

70 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Larval Host

Red, Green

Medium, High

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Moths

Cedar Elm

Ulmus crassifolia

Tree

50 –

75 ft

25 –

35 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Nectar, Larval Host, Nesting Material

Green

Very Low, Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Rocky, Caliche, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals

Mexican Buckeye

Ungnadia speciosa

Tree

8 –

20 ft

12 –

20 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Pink

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Rocky, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Moths, Bees

Sea Oats

Uniola paniculata

Grass & Sedge

3 –

7 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Sun

Evergreen

Seeds, Nesting Material

Green, Brown

Low

Sand, Loam, Calcareous, Saline

Birds, Small Mammals

Farkleberry

Vaccinium arboreum

Tree

12 –

15 ft

10 –

12 ft

Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Fruit, Fall Color, Pollen, Larval Host

White

Medium

Sand, Loam, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Bees

White Thorn Acacia

Vachellia constricta

Shrub

7 –

10 ft

4 –

5 ft

Sun

Evergreen

Seeds, Forage, Nectar, Pollen

White, Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Dry

Browsers, Butterflies, Birds, Nectar Insects, Bees

Huisache

Vachellia farnesiana

Tree

15 –

25 ft

15 –

20 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Flowers

Orange, Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Caliche, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Nectar Insects, Deer, Moths

Blackbrush Acacia

Vachellia rigidula

Tree

6 –

19 ft

2 –

4 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Forage, Nectar, Pollen

White, Yellow

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Deer, Moths, Bees

American Eelgrass

Vallisneria americana

Herbaceous, Wetland

4 –

6 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Forage

White

High

Sand, Rich, Moist, Mud

Birds, Aquatic Wildlife

Texas Verbena

Verbena halei

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Blue, Purple

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Bees

Hoary Verbena

Verbena stricta

Herbaceous

2 –

6 ft

1.5 –

2 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Purple

Very Low, Low

Sand, Dry

Caterpillars, Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Bees

Gulf Vervain

Verbena xutha

Herbaceous

4 –

6 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Flowers

White, Blue, Purple

Low

Sand, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Nectar Insects, Hummingbirds

Cowpen Daisy

Verbesina encelioides

Herbaceous

1 –

5 ft

1 –

3 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Rocky, Limestone, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Nectar Insects, Hummingbirds, Moths, Bees

Gravelweed

Verbesina helianthoides

Herbaceous

2 –

4 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Yellow

Low

Sand, Rocky, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Moths, Bees

Lindheimer’s Crownbeard

Verbesina lindheimeri

Herbaceous

1.5 –

2 ft

.25 –

.5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Yellow

Medium, High

Sand, Loam, Limestone, Rich, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Bees

Frostweed

Verbesina microptera

Herbaceous

1 –

6 ft

1 –

3 ft

Part Shade, Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen

White

Low

Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Bees

Frostweed

Verbesina virginica

Herbaceous

3 –

6 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade, Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White

Low, Medium

Loam, Calcareous, Well Drained, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Bees

Western Ironweed

Vernonia baldwinii

Herbaceous

3 –

5 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen

Red, Purple

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Rocky, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Bees

Woolly Ironweed

Vernonia lindheimeri

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

1 –

3 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Purple

Low

Sand, Loam, Caliche, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Bees

Missouri ironweed

Vernonia missurica

Herbaceous

2 –

6 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen

Purple

Medium, High

Sand, Loam, Clay, Poor Drainage, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Bees

Arrowwood Viburnum

Viburnum dentatum

Shrub

6 –

10 ft

6 –

10 ft

Sun, Part Shade, Shade

Deciduous

Berry, Fall Color, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

White

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Poor Drainage, Moist, Dry

Caterpillars, Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Bees

Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum

Viburnum rufidulum

Tree

15 –

20 ft

10 –

15 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Fall Color, Nectar, Pollen

White

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Deep, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Bees

Plateau Goldeneye

Viguiera dentata

Herbaceous

3 –

6 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Yellow

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Caliche, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Bees

Skeletonleaf Goldeneye

Viguiera stenoloba

Shrub

2 –

4 ft

2 –

4 ft

Sun

Semi Evergreen

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Nesting Material

Orange, Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Moths, Bees

Missouri Violet

Viola sororia var. missouriensis

Groundcover, Herbaceous

0.5 –

0.75 ft

0.25 –

0.5 ft

Part Shade, Shade

Semi Evergreen

Seeds, Larval Host, Flowers

White, Pink, Blue, Purple

Medium

Rich, Moist

Butterflies, Birds

Mustang Grape

Vitis mustangensis

Vine

1 –

2 ft

30 –

50 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Fruit

Yellow, Green

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Calcareous, Well Drained, Dry

Birds, Small Mammals

Muscadine Grape

Vitis rotundifolia

Vine

50 –

90 ft

1 –

5 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Berry, Forage, Larval Host

Yellow, Green

Medium

Sand, Loam, Rich, Well Drained, Moist

Browsers, Birds, Small Mammals, Moths

Zexmenia

Wedelia acapulcensis var. hispida

Shrub

1.5 –

2.5 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Larval Host

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Gravelly, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds

Texas Wisteria

Wisteria frutescens

Vine

25 –

30 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade, Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Larval Host

White, Pink, Blue, Purple

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Caterpillars, Butterflies

Sleepy Daisy

Xanthisma texanum

Herbaceous

2 –

3 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Flowers

Yellow

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained, Dry

Brushholly

Xylosma flexuosa

Shrub

3 –

6 ft

3 –

4 ft

Part Shade

Evergreen

Fruit, Nectar

White

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay

Birds, Small Mammals, Nectar Insects

Wild Shrimp Plant

Yeatesia platystegia

Herbaceous

1 –

2 ft

.25 –

.5 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar

White, Purple

Medium

Well Drained, Moist

Nectar Insects

Arkansas Yucca

Yucca arkansana

Cactus & Succulent

1 –

4 ft

2 –

5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Nectar

White, Green

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained, Dry

Moths

Nodding Yucca

Yucca cernua

Cactus & Succulent

2 –

10 ft

3 –

4 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

White

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained, Dry

Buckley’s Yucca

Yucca constricta

Cactus & Succulent

3 –

5 ft

3 –

5 ft

Sun

Evergreen

Fruit, Nectar, Larval Host, Flowers

White, Green

Low

Sand, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Deer, Hummingbirds, Moths

Soaptree Yucca

Yucca elata

Cactus & Succulent

3 –

4 ft

2 –

4 ft

Sun

Evergreen

Fruit, Forage, Nectar

White

Low

Sand, Loam, Well Drained, Dry

Birds, Small Mammals, Moths

Louisiana Yucca

Yucca louisianensis

Cactus & Succulent

1 –

1.5 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun

Evergreen

Nectar, Pollen

White

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Bees

Pale Yucca

Yucca pallida

Cactus & Succulent

2 –

2.5 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Fruit, Seeds, Nectar, Larval Host, Flowers

White

Low

Clay, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Deer, Moths

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Salado, the location of our Fall 2025 Symposium, lies at the intersection of two ecoregions: the Edwards Plateau (Limestone Cut Plain) and Blackland Prairie (Northern Blackland Prairie).

The Edwards Plateau area is also called the Hill Country; however, this general term covers a much larger area extending farther north. Spring-fed creeks are found throughout the region; deep limestone canyons, rivers, and lakes (reservoirs) are common. Ashe juniper is perhaps the most common woody species found throughout the region. Additional woody species include various species of oak, with live oak (Quercus fusiformis) being the most common. Sycamores (Platanus occidentalis) and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) border waterways. This area is well known for its spring wildflower displays, though they may be viewed in spring, late summer, and fall, as well. According to Texas Parks and Wildlife, average annual rainfall in the Edwards Plateau ranges from 15 to 34 inches.

The Blackland Prairie extends from the Red River south to San Antonio, bordered on the west by the Edwards Plateau and the Cross Timbers, and on the east by the Post Oak Savannah. Annual rainfall averages 30 to 40 inches, with higher averages to the east. This region is dominated by prairie species. The most common grass species include little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) and Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) in the uplands and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in the riparian areas and drainages. Common herbaceous flowering plants include salvias, penstemons, and silphiums. This area has suffered greatly from overgrazing and agricultural use. Few intact areas remain, though many of the plants can be found along county roadsides throughout the region.

Our fall Symposium host chapter, the Tonkawa Chapter, includes both of these ecoregions.

Source: Wildflowers of Texas by Michael Eason

About the Native Plant Society of Texas

Membership

News

Events

2024 Fall Symposium

2026 Spring Symposium

CHapter Information

Chapters

Native Plant Information

Native Plant Database

Top Plant Searches

Native Landscape Certification Program (NLCP)

Monarch Conservation

Additional Programs

Publications

Invasive Plants

Speakers Bureau

Landscaping

Reading and Reference

Native Plant Society of Texas

NLCP Plant Lists

Level 1 List

Level 2 List

Level 3 List

Birds List

Name

Growth Form

Height

Spread

Sun

Leaf Retention

Wildlife Interest

Seasonal Interest

Water Use

Soil Type

Wildlife Benefit

About the Native Plant Society of Texas

Membership

News

Events

2024 Fall Symposium

2026 Spring Symposium

CHapter Information

Chapters

Native Plant Information

Native Plant Database

Top Plant Searches

Native Landscape Certification Program (NLCP)

Monarch Conservation

Additional Programs

Publications

Invasive Plants

Speakers Bureau

Landscaping

Reading and Reference

NLCP Plant Lists

Level 1 List

Level 2 List

Level 3 List

Birds List

Name

Growth Form

Height

Spread

Sun

Leaf Retention

Wildlife Interest

Seasonal Interest

Water Use

Soil Type

Wildlife Benefit

About the Region