Collin County Chapter

Native Plants in the Spotlight

Our Disappearing Native Blackland Prairies

All North Texas native plant enthusiasts have to be pleased when the media spotlight focuses on a topic of great importance to us. The Dallas Morning News recently published an article on “North America’s most endangered ecoregion is in North Texas’ backyard. Here’s what you need to know” by Francesca D’Annunzio.

Red-winged blackbird perchedWidflowers on remnant patch of Blackland Prairie, Winfrey Point, White Rock Lake, Dallas Texas, USA

The story discusses the vanishing native Tallgrass Prairies, and specifically the Blackland Prairie in North Texas.

“The Blackland prairie is unique to Texas — and most of it is already gone. The ecoregion once extended from the Red River to the Gulf Coast. Now, less than 1% of the original Blackland prairie vegetation remains — and it’s scattered across the state in parcels, according to the World Wildlife Fund.

As rapid development threatens the prairie’s remaining patches, the loss comes at a cost to the region’s natural beauty, heritage and environmental health. Prairies help with carbon sequestration, flood control and help clean groundwater — for free.”

Discover More About Blackland Prairies

Below are some reference material and articles to learn more about our Blackland Prairies.

 

About the Region

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This low-elevations region of Texas extends inland from the barrier islands, about 60 or so miles, and stretches from Brownsville to Louisiana. In total, it covers about 9.5 million acres, with a high point of 150 feet in elevation. More than 1000 species of plants can be found in this region. On the southern end, species more common in Mexico (such as Sabal mexicana) and Central America occur.

The barrier islands provide us with dune systems, and clay flats to the inland side, which have species found in these areas alone. Many plants here, such as Ipomoea pes-caprae (beach morning glory), can be found throughout tropical regions of the globe. I’ve encountered the same species on the beaches of Guam.

Once inland, vast marshes and wet prairies occur. Occasionally, oak (Quercus fusiformis) groves can be found. Common grasses include species of Bothriochloa, Paspalum, and Sporobolus; eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides); and switchgrass (Panicum species). Many rivers and creeks cut through the Gulf Prairies, and along these riparian areas various species of trees, Sabal minor, and other plants adapted to clay soils can be found. Due to overgrazing, farming, and fire suppression, woody species such as mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) and huisache (Acacia farnesiana), and invasive species such as chinaberry (Melia azedarach), Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius), and Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum) have increased and displaced our native flora.

Source: Wildflowers of Texas by Michael Eason