NLCP Plant Lists

Native Landscape Certification Program (NLCP) Plant Lists

Select the desired plant list from the filters below. The menus adapt to the classes that are currently available from the chapters. After you select a class you can download it with just the information you want.

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Name

Growth Form

Height

Spread

Sun

Leaf Retention

Wildlife Interest

Seasonal Interest

Water Use

Soil Type

Wildlife Benefit

Sundrops

Oenothera berlandieri

Herbaceous

1 –

2 ft

1 –

1 ft

Sun

Semi Evergreen

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Nectar Insects, Bees

Long Flower Beeblossom

Oenothera ﬁliformis

Herbaceous

10 –

12 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White, Pink

Low, Medium

Rocky, Limestone, Calcareous

Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Bees

Western Primrose

Oenothera hartwegii

Herbaceous

.25 –

.5 ft

2 –

3 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Flowers

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Caliche, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Moths, Bees

Trumpet Evening Primrose

Oenothera jamesii

Herbaceous

4 –

6 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Fruit, Nectar, Pollen

Yellow

Medium, High

Sand, Loam, Rich, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Nectar Insects, Moths, Bees

Cutleaf Evening Primrose

Oenothera laciniata

Herbaceous

.5 –

2 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Forage, Pollen, Larval Host

White, Pink, Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Limestone, Well Drained, Dry

Browsers, Birds, Small Mammals, Deer, Bees

Butterfly Gaura

Oenothera lindheimeri

Herbaceous

2 –

5 ft

1 –

1 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White, Pink

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Calcareous, Moist

Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Moths, Bees

Missouri Primrose

Oenothera macrocarpa

Herbaceous

0.5 –

1 ft

1 –

1.5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Gravelly, Rocky, Calcareous, Dry

Hummingbirds, Moths, Bees

Diamond Petal Primrose

Oenothera rhombipetala

Herbaceous

3 –

5 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Nectar, Pollen

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Dry

Hummingbirds, Moths, Bees

Yellow Evening Primrose

Oenothera serrulata

Herbaceous

.75 –

2 ft

.5 –

1.5 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar

Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Rocky, Well Drained, Dry

Birds, Small Mammals, Hummingbirds

Pink Evening Primrose

Oenothera speciosa

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

1 –

1.5 ft

Sun

Semi Evergreen

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen

Pink

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Caliche, Well Drained, Moist, Dry

Birds, Small Mammals, Bees

False Gromwell

Onosmodium bejariense var. bejariense

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White, Green

Low

Sand, Gravelly, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Bees

Prickly Pear

Opuntia engelmannii

Cactus & Succulent

1 –

2 ft

2 –

4 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Fruit, Nectar, Pollen

Red, Orange, Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Caliche, Dry

Small Mammals, Nectar Insects, Deer, Bees

Cinnamon Fern

Osmundastrum cinnamomeum

Fern

2 –

3 ft

0.5 –

1 ft

Part Shade, Shade

Deciduous

Nesting Material

No Bloom

High

Poor Drainage, Moist, Mud

Birds

Drummond’s Woodsorrel

Oxalis drummondii

Herbaceous

0.5 –

1 ft

.5 –

.75 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Seeds, Forage, Nectar

Pink, Purple

Low, Medium

Sand, Calcareous, Moist, Dry

Browsers, Birds, Nectar Insects

Golden Groundsel

Packera obovata

Herbaceous

0.25 –

1.25 ft

0.5 –

1 ft

Part Shade, Shade

Evergreen

Nectar, Pollen

Yellow

Low, Medium

Loam, Clay, Limestone, Calcareous, Rich, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Bees

Small Palafox

Palafoxia callosa

Herbaceous

15 –

2 ft

0.25 –

0.5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White, Pink, Purple

Low

Gravelly, Calcareous, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects

Showy Palafoxia

Palafoxia hookeriana

Herbaceous

1 –

8 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Nectar, Pollen

Pink

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Bees

Rosy Palafox

Palafoxia rosea

Herbaceous

1 –

2 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

White, Pink

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Caliche, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Bees

Texas Palafox

Palafoxia texana

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen, Flowers

Pink, Purple

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Gravelly, Calcareous, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Nectar Insects, Moths, Bees

Warty Panicgrass

Panicum verrucosum

Grass & Sedge

1 –

5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Green, Brown

High

Sand, Loam, Moist

Switchgrass

Panicum virgatum

Grass & Sedge

3 –

5 ft

2 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fall Color, Seeds, Larval Host, Nesting Material

Green, Brown

Medium, High

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Birds

Pink Pappusgrass

Pappophorum bicolor

Grass & Sedge

1 –

3 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Forage

Pink, Green, Brown

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Browsers

Texas Paloverde

Parkinsonia texana

Tree

30 –

40 ft

12 –

20 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Seeds, Forage, Nectar, Pollen, Nesting Material

Yellow

Low, Medium

Well Drained, Dry

Browsers, Butterflies, Birds, Nectar Insects, Deer, Hummingbirds

Seven-leaf Creeper

Parthenocissus heptaphylla

Vine

12 –

36 ft

3 –

4 ft

Sun, Part Shade, Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Fall Color, Pollen, Nesting Material

Red, Green

Low, Medium, High

Loam, Clay, Limestone, Well Drained, Moist

Birds, Bees

Virginia Creeper

Parthenocissus quinquefolia

Vine

3 –

40 ft

Sun, Shade

Deciduous

Berry, Fall Color, Larval Host

White

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Rocky, Limestone, Well Drained, Moist

Birds, Moths

Western Wheatgrass

Pascopyrum smithii

Grass & Sedge

1 –

3 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds

Yellow

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Birds

Florida Paspalum

Paspalum floridanum

Grass & Sedge

5 –

7 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nesting Material

White, Green, Brown

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Birds, Small Mammals

Brownseed Paspalum

Paspalum plicatulum

Grass & Sedge

2 –

3.5 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nesting Material

Green

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Birds, Small Mammals

Bracted Passionflower

Passiflora affinis

Vine

3 –

6 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Yellow, Green

Low

Limestone, Well Drained, Moist, Dry

Butterflies

Fetid Passionflower

Passiflora foetida

Vine

3 –

6 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host, Flowers

Yellow, Green, Purple

Medium

Sand, Loam, Calcareous, Dry, Saline

Butterflies, Birds

Purple Passionflower

Passiflora incarnata

Vine

10 –

25 ft

1 –

5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Nectar, Larval Host, Nesting Material

Purple

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Birds

Yellow Passionflower

Passiflora lutea

Vine

10 –

15 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Fall Color, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Yellow, Green

Low

Sand, Loam, Limestone, Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Birds, Small Mammals, Bees

Corkystem Passionflower

Passiflora suberosa

Vine

3 –

6 ft

3 –

6 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Fruit, Nectar, Larval Host

Yellow, Green

Low, Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Caliche, Moist, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Bees

Birdwing Passionflower

Passiflora tenuiloba

Vine

3 –

6 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Fruit, Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

Green

Low

Limestone, Caliche, Dry

Butterflies, Birds

Rock Rose

Pavonia lasiopetala

Shrub

3 –

4 ft

3 –

4 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Forage, Nectar, Pollen

Pink

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Caliche, Well Drained, Dry

Browsers, Butterflies, Deer, Hummingbirds, Moths

Limoncillo

Pectis angustifolia

Herbaceous

.5 –

.75 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Seeds, Nectar, Pollen

Red, Yellow

Low

Sand, Loam, Gravelly, Caliche, Dry

Butterflies, Birds, Nectar Insects, Bees

Wood Fern

Pelazoneuron kunthii

Fern

2 –

3 ft

2 –

3 ft

Part Shade, Shade

Semi Evergreen

Fall Color

No Bloom

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Limestone, Poor Drainage, Moist

Purple Cliffbrake Fern

Pellaea atropurpurea

Fern

.75 –

1 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Nesting Material

No Bloom

Low

Gravelly, Rocky, Limestone, Calcareous, Dry

Birds

Pink Plains Penstemon

Penstemon ambiguus

Herbaceous

1 –

4 ft

1 –

4 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Nectar, Pollen

White, Pink

Low

Sand, Loam, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Hummingbirds, Bees

Rock Penstemon

Penstemon baccharifolius

Herbaceous

1 –

1.5 ft

1 –

2 ft

Sun

Semi Evergreen

Forage, Nectar

Red

Low

Rocky, Limestone, Well Drained, Dry

Deer, Hummingbirds

Wild Foxglove

Penstemon cobaea

Herbaceous

1.5 –

2.5 ft

1 –

1.5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen, Larval Host

White, Pink

Low, Medium

Rocky, Calcareous, Dry

Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Moths

Smooth White Penstemon

Penstemon digitalis

Herbaceous

2 –

5 ft

.5 –

1 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Semi Evergreen

Nectar, Pollen

White

Low, Medium, High

Loam, Clay, Rich, Well Drained, Moist, Dry

Hummingbirds, Bees

White Penstemon

Penstemon guadalupensis

Herbaceous

1 –

2 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Pollen

White, Pink

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Gravelly, Calcareous

Bees

Nodding Beardtongue

Penstemon laxiflorus

Herbaceous

1 –

2 ft

1 –

2 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White, Pink

Low

Sand, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Hummingbirds, Bees

Cupleaf Penstemon

Penstemon murrayanus

Herbaceous

0.25 –

0.5 ft

1 –

1.5 ft

Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Red

Low

Sand, Loam, Clay, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Bees

Gulf Coast Penstemon

Penstemon tenuis

Herbaceous

1 –

1.5 ft

0.5 –

1 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Purple

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Poor Drainage, Moist

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Hummingbirds, Bees

Hill Country Penstemon

Penstemon triflorus

Herbaceous

1.5 –

2.5 ft

0.5 –

1.5 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Red, Pink

Low

Rocky, Limestone, Well Drained, Dry

Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Bees

White Wand Penstemon

Penstemon tubiﬂorus

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

1 –

1.5 ft

Sun

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

White, Pink

Low, Medium

Well Drained, Moist

Butterflies, Bees

Red Bay

Persea borbonia

Tree

12 –

40 ft

25 –

30 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Evergreen

Fruit, Larval Host

Yellow

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Moist

Birds, Small Mammals

Blue Curls

Phacelia congesta

Herbaceous

1 –

3 ft

1 –

3 ft

Sun, Part Shade

Deciduous

Nectar, Pollen

Blue, Purple

Medium

Sand, Loam, Clay, Rocky, Limestone, Dry

Butterflies, Nectar Insects, Bees

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Salado, the location of our Fall 2025 Symposium, lies at the intersection of two ecoregions: the Edwards Plateau (Limestone Cut Plain) and Blackland Prairie (Northern Blackland Prairie).

The Edwards Plateau area is also called the Hill Country; however, this general term covers a much larger area extending farther north. Spring-fed creeks are found throughout the region; deep limestone canyons, rivers, and lakes (reservoirs) are common. Ashe juniper is perhaps the most common woody species found throughout the region. Additional woody species include various species of oak, with live oak (Quercus fusiformis) being the most common. Sycamores (Platanus occidentalis) and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) border waterways. This area is well known for its spring wildflower displays, though they may be viewed in spring, late summer, and fall, as well. According to Texas Parks and Wildlife, average annual rainfall in the Edwards Plateau ranges from 15 to 34 inches.

The Blackland Prairie extends from the Red River south to San Antonio, bordered on the west by the Edwards Plateau and the Cross Timbers, and on the east by the Post Oak Savannah. Annual rainfall averages 30 to 40 inches, with higher averages to the east. This region is dominated by prairie species. The most common grass species include little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) and Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) in the uplands and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in the riparian areas and drainages. Common herbaceous flowering plants include salvias, penstemons, and silphiums. This area has suffered greatly from overgrazing and agricultural use. Few intact areas remain, though many of the plants can be found along county roadsides throughout the region.

Our fall Symposium host chapter, the Tonkawa Chapter, includes both of these ecoregions.

Source: Wildflowers of Texas by Michael Eason

About the Native Plant Society of Texas

Membership

News

Events

2024 Fall Symposium

2026 Spring Symposium

CHapter Information

Chapters

Native Plant Information

Native Plant Database

Top Plant Searches

Native Landscape Certification Program (NLCP)

Monarch Conservation

Additional Programs

Publications

Invasive Plants

Speakers Bureau

Landscaping

Reading and Reference

Native Plant Society of Texas

NLCP Plant Lists

Level 1 List

Level 2 List

Level 3 List

Birds List

Name

Growth Form

Height

Spread

Sun

Leaf Retention

Wildlife Interest

Seasonal Interest

Water Use

Soil Type

Wildlife Benefit

About the Native Plant Society of Texas

Membership

News

Events

2024 Fall Symposium

2026 Spring Symposium

CHapter Information

Chapters

Native Plant Information

Native Plant Database

Top Plant Searches

Native Landscape Certification Program (NLCP)

Monarch Conservation

Additional Programs

Publications

Invasive Plants

Speakers Bureau

Landscaping

Reading and Reference

NLCP Plant Lists

Level 1 List

Level 2 List

Level 3 List

Birds List

Name

Growth Form

Height

Spread

Sun

Leaf Retention

Wildlife Interest

Seasonal Interest

Water Use

Soil Type

Wildlife Benefit

About the Region